楊三合的筆記

【原文】

入公門（1），鞠躬如（2）也，如不容。立不中門，行不履閾（3）。過位（4），色勃如也，足躩如也，其言似不足者。攝齊（5）升堂，鞠躬如也，屏氣似不息者。出降一等（6），逞（7）顏色，怡怡如（8）也；沒階趨（9）進，翼如也；復其位，踧踖如也。

【英文】

On going through the outer gates to his lord’s court, he drew himself in, as though the entrance was too small to admit him. When he stood, he did not occupy the centre of the gateway; when he walked, he did not step on the threshold. When he went past the station of his lord, his face took on a serious expression, his step became brisk, and his words seemed more laconic. When he lifted the hem of his robe to ascend the hall, he drew himself in, stopped inhaling as if he was no longer breathing. When he had come out and descended the first step, relaxing his expression, he seemed no longer to be tense. When he had reached the bottom of the steps he went forward with quickened steps as though he was gliding on wings. When he resumed his station, his bearing was respectful.

【注釋】

（1）公門，君主之門；朝廷之門。

（2）鞠躬如，恭敬謹慎貌。

（3）閾，門檻。

（4）過位，君雖不在，過之必敬。位，君之虛位。

（5）攝齊，言牽提衣下襬。攝，提起。齊，衣服下擺。

（6）等，即臺階。

（7）逞，舒。

（8）怡怡如，和悅貌。

（9）沒階趨，俗本趨下有「進」字，今不從。

【翻譯】

孔子進入朝廷的大門時，顯出恭敬謹慎的樣子，好像自己沒有容身之地似的。 站立時，不站在門的中間；行走時．不踩在門檻上。 經過國君所作的位置時，必臉色莊敬，走路腳步加快，說話好像說不出來似的。提起衣服下擺，向堂上走，顯出非常恭敬謹慎的樣子，斂身屏氣好像不敢呼吸一樣。出堂，下了一級台階，臉色才放鬆些，顯得和悅的樣子。下完台階，快步前行，動作像鳥兒舒展翅膀一樣輕快。回到自己坐位時，保持恭敬不安的樣子。 
【主旨】孔子在朝廷之容。

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲，《論語平解》，〈學而〉，大雁文化事業，2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》，〈學而〉，三民書局，2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_10.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯，劉殿爵  英譯，《論語》（Confucius The Analects），聯經出版事業，Chinese-English edition，2009。