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【原文】

 

子曰:「知及之(1),仁不能守之;雖得之,必失之。知及之,仁能守之,不莊以涖之(2);則民不敬。知及之,仁能守之,莊以涖之,動之不以禮;未善也。」

【英文】

The Master said, “What is within the reach of a man’s understanding but beyond the power of his benevolence to keep is something he will lose even if he acquires it. A man may be wise enough to attain it and benevolent enough to keep it, but if he does not rule over them with dignity, then the common people will not be reverent. A man may be wise enough to attain it, benevolent enough to keep it and may govern the people with dignity, but if he does not set them to work in accordance with the rites, he still falls short of perfection.”

 

【注釋】

(1)知及之,言才智足以治國。知能及治其官。知同「智」。之,指治民之道。

(2)莊以涖之,言以莊重臨民。涖,蒞臨。

【翻譯】

孔子說:「一個在位者才智足以治理國事,如果他的仁德不能保持它,雖然得到職位,必然會喪失掉的。才智足以治理國事,仁德也能保持它,如果不能以莊重的態度治理民眾,民眾也不會對他尊敬。才智足以治理國事,仁德也能保持它,又能以莊重的態度治理民眾,如果他的舉動不合禮,也不能算是完善啊。」

【主旨】居官臨民之法。

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_15.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

 

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